![]() ![]() Sponges have their outer wall covered by flat cells called pinacocytes and having pores well-delimited by special cells called porocytes. What are the main cells of which poriferans are made? ![]() This method however is rudimentary but it is actually a protection attempt against nocent agents. Sponges can close their pores to avoid the entrance of water into their bodies in the presence of stimulus that may mean danger. How do sponges try to protect themselves against harm from the environment? Is that method efficient or rudimentary? ![]() Water then circulates inside the central cavity and exits through the osculum. They make water enter their bodies by their lateral pores. How does water move inside sponges? What is the function of the pores in these animals? The central cavity is called spongocoel and the opening in the upper extremity is called osculum. They have an internal central cavity and porous walls. Sponges have bodies in the form of tubular vases or globes open in the upper extremity. Sponges are filtering animals, they nourish themselves from nutrients that enter their atrium brought in with water. ![]() Sponges live exclusively in an aquatic environment and they are attached by their base to a substrate (fixation ground). They are multicellular, like all beings of the animal kingdom. Sponges are aquatic sessile beings (they are not able to move by themselves and they keep themselves attached to substrates), they do not have tissue diversity and their bodies have pores (feature after which their name comes). The phylum Porifera contains the simplest creatures of the animal kingdom. ![]()
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